Homework 1
The Market
for Chocolate Chip Cookies and Other Things
1. The
demand for chocolate chip cookies in the Capital District is given by equation
1, where Qd is the quantity of cookies
demanded in a year (in millions), and P is the price per cookie (in
dollars).
Qd = 8 - 30*P (1)
The supply
of chocolate
chip cookies is given by equation 2, where Qs is the quantity of
cookies supplied (in millions):
Qs
= -2 + 20*P (2)
a.
Draw the demand curve and the supply curve for
chocolate chip cookies, labeling your axes and the curves. (Put P on the vertical axis, Q on the
horizontal axis. Substitute values for P (start with $.10 and use increments of
$.10) and solve for Qd and Qs.)
b.
Show the equilibrium price and quantity by drawing
dashed lines from the equilibrium to each axis and labeling the points on the
axes.
a.
Suppose that increases in income shift the demand
curve such that, at each price, the quantity demanded has increased by 2.5
million cookies. Draw the new demand
curve (on the same graph) and show the new equilibrium price and quantity.
b.
Suppose that an increase in the price of chips causes
a shift in the supply curve such that, at each price, the quantity supplied has
been reduced by 2.5 million cookies.
Using the demand curve in part (c) above, show the new equilibrium price
and quantity.
2. Draw a supply curve and a demand curve
diagram for beef. Be sure to label your
diagram well. (Do not be concerned with
the numbers just draw a downward sloping demand and an upward sloping
supply.) Then trace the effect of each event
below on either the supply curve or the demand curve for beef. Show the impact of this event on the
equilibrium price and quantity (Draw in the dashed lines to the axes.) Briefly explain why equilibrium changed--what
forces caused the price and quantity to change?
(Analyze each event on a separate graph.)
a.
Concerns about mad cow disease lead many consumers to
switch from beef to chicken.
b.
A bumper grain crop reduces the cost of for cattle.
c.
A deep freeze kills large numbers of chickens.
d.
An increase in income occurs.