Ignacio J. Martinez-Moyano

Research Interests

My research interests include:

  • System Dynamics
  • Understanding Behavioral and Structural Learning in Complex Systems
  • Understanding Large-scale Complex Systems' Behavior and Change

Ignacio J. Martínez-Moyano
Statement of Research Interests and Current Research

135 Western Ave.
Rockefeller College Milne Hall 318
Albany, NY 12222
Email: im7797@albany.edu
Web Page: http://www.albany.edu/~im7797/
Office phone/fax: (518) 442-3859 / (518) 442-5298

Theoretical and Methodological

My research explores the way in which rules change over time. The main theoretical element that I explore is the changing nature of control structures in organizations. By looking at the system of rules as a proxy for structure, and by recognizing its dynamic nature, I want to investigate to explain phenomena that is consider to be puzzling or even controversial using the traditional assumptions of static structures and unchanging regulatory frameworks. In general, when a study addresses the influence of the regulatory structure on performance, the influence of performance on the framework itself is overlooked or dismissed altogether based on the static framework assumption.
In order to study dynamic phenomenon, I use as a primary lens system dynamics concepts and methods. The use of a formal dynamic modeling technique makes sense when one is trying to understand the dynamic nature of certain phenomenon, especially when the study relates to the overarching structure of rules that condition the action that takes place in organizations. System-dynamics modeling provides a way to explore feedback-rich systems in which the nature of the relationships among the elements creates circular causality. System dynamics allows the researcher to investigate the effect of changes in one variable on other variables over time. System dynamics is a computer-aided approach to policy analysis and design that applies to dynamic problems arising in complex social, managerial, economic, or ecological systems. Dynamic systems are characterized by interdependence, mutual interaction, information feedback, and circular causality.
Additionally, I am interested in the use of social judgment theory and social network theory as complements of the system dynamics approach especially in cases that individual judgment practices can be highly influential and in cases where the network effects and characteristics can have a great deal of influence on the dynamics of the system. Studying at the University at Albany I have had the opportunity to interact with world-recognized faculty in these areas-system dynamics and social judgment theory-and faculty with a great deal of experience using social network theory in their research. Specifically, I am interested in exploring the interconnections among the three methods in order to get the best possible approach to understand large complex systems behavior.

Topical Interests

My research has been centered on elements that are related to the way in which organizations in general, and public organizations in specific, deal with change over time. Specifically looking at best practices identification, measuring and managing performance, and rule-following preferences and compliance of individuals in organizations. I have discovered three main ways to try to understand change that can inform managers on specific things to do, and pay attention to, while dealing with their day-to-day activities in order to improve their operations in the long run. Understanding the dynamics of rules can shed light in performance improvement, accountability, and governance in both public and private organizations.
First, an expertise-based approach can be taken to improve operations and actions in organizations. Experts, even with all the difficulties that arise from identifying them and eliciting knowledge from them, are key suppliers of improvement capacity in organizations. Experts can be seen as sources-and repositories-of organizational knowledge, just as systems of rules are. By identifying experts and disseminating their knowledge via organizational rules and routines, I argue that democratization of knowledge can take place. As many scholars argue, knowledge is not a democratic phenomenon: some people have it and some people do not. That is the nature of knowledge. However, when captured and disseminated in systems of rules and norms of activity, selectivity is avoided and the benefits of knowledge to everyone in the company-or the society-is achieved. The question of how people use distributed knowledge remains though.
Second, a learning-based approach can be taken to improve operations in organizations. This second approach acknowledges the process of acquiring the necessary knowledge and how, through that process, expertise can arise over time. In organizations, public or private, one can start with a group of experts with the necessary knowledge to operate, or by establishing a process to accumulate that knowledge over time. By understanding the nature of learning in systems of rules and its possible influences on their dynamics, I am trying to explore alternative mechanisms that can determine the specific shape of the regulatory systems over time.
Third, a compliance-based approach to improvement identifies the reality of the use of rules in organizations after experts and/or learning processes and/or both have influenced the way in which rules and norms in organizations exist. Individuals in organizations confront in their day-to-day activities rules that condition the possible actions that they can take in order to accomplish the goals that they have, either self- or externally-imposed. By understanding the dynamics of conformity to systems of rules I argue that one can learn about the legitimacy-in-action of the specific system and also about its probability of change over time. The higher the incidence of violations, the higher the probability of action being taken by management-either to enforce the rules, change the mix of individuals in the organization, or change the system of rules in order to improve the control system.
These three approaches-expert-based approach, learning-based approach, and compliance-based approach-blend a positivist view of the sources of change with a social-constructivist view of the sources of pressure for change in systems of rules in organizations. They deal with a broad range of questions from what is a good rule, to how can you learn about the effectiveness of rules, to what is it that people actually do with rules in organizations.

Current Research

Currently I am researching the dynamics of security of critical infrastructure with an emphasis on information security. I am researching this area as an extension to my dissertation research exploring the influence of pressures to produce and pressures to comply with regulation that information workers are subject to on a daily basis and that condition their behavioral responses to threat levels and security practices. In this research, I am collaborating with several scholars and institutions part of the Security Dynamics Network. Some of the participants of the network are the University at Albany, the Software Engineering Institute at Carnegie Mellon University, Syracuse University, Agder University College of Norway, Sandia National Laboratories, and the University of Navarra. I am part of the system dynamics team from the University at Albany working on the project.
Additionally, I am researching the influence of systems of rules and regulatory regimes in the evolution of e-government. I am working on the development of a behavioral theory of the evolution of e-government as a result of pressures from the administrative apparatus of government and from citizens' expectations that promote change in the system of rules governing its design and use. The theory predicts that e-government initiatives in the aggregate will evolve from national level to local level, changing from self-imposed initiatives searching for solutions (administration), to democratically imposed requirements by citizens and their representatives (politics).

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Rockefeller College, University at Albany, Albany , New York 135 Western Avenue, Milne Hall 318, Albany, NY 12222 Tel. (518) 442-3859

Last updated: Friday, December 10, 2004 17:08 in New York, USA

© Ignacio J. Martinez 2001, 2002, 2003