ERDG655: Emergent Literacy (3 credits)

Course Template

 

Last Updated: October 11, 2006

 

Program requirements

Prerequisites (if any):

Required course in MS Early Childhood (Literacy), Literacy Specialist B-6, Literacy Specialist B-12 . Taught at least twice a year, both online and on campus. No prerequisites.

Catalog Description:

Language and literacy development in young children is examined in everyday contexts, in and outside the home. The reciprocal relationship between early writing and reading is emphasized, as is a serious reconsideration of some long-held notions, such as 'reading readiness,' 'pre-reading,' and 'prerequisite skills.'

Extended Description:

 

This course is for graduate students interested in the language and literacy development of young children. The course is predicated on a set of theoretical perspectives that regard literacy as a dimension (both formally and functionally) of language development more broadly conceived. From such a perspective, literacy is seen to emerge from birth and to develop throughout a lifetime given appropriate materials and mediated experiences. In addition to providing a thorough introduction to this 'emergent literacy' perspective, the course addresses classic and current research in early literacy, and it provides practical tools for developing learning opportunities and effective teaching practices in both preschool and elementary school classrooms. Staring in Spring, 2006, this course has a 5-hour required practicum component.

Participation in this course should lead to the following learning outcomes:

1. An understanding of how oral language and literacy develop and how oral language supports the development of literacy.

2. Knowledge of major theorists whose work provided a foundation for emergent literacy research and explain how their theories led to new research and understandings of language and literacy development.

3. An understanding of the impact of home and cultural language patterns and literacy experiences on children's developing knowledge of written language and school language.

4. The ability to recognize significant components of a preschool 'literacy set' and how these develop through experiences with text.

5. An understanding of key concepts such as emergent reading, emergent writing, and emergent literacy and explain how they differ from older concepts such as reading readiness and prewriting, as well as how such differences affect instructional practices.

6. The ability to use informal assessments to track and evaluate emerging reading and writing knowledges among children in order to develop appropriate and effective early literacy experiences.

7. The ability to recognize and discuss potential ties between early literacy knowledges and skills and later literacy achievement.

8. Familiarity with relevant theories, researchers, and research literatures related to literacy development so that you may read them critically.


Program goals:

** major goal

Pedagogical Content Knowledge

** language and literacy development: the nature, breadth, and depth of and the overt markers of that development
individual and cultural differences: knowledge of economic, academic, social, and cultural diversity; use of this knowledge to inform instructional decisions
methods and materials: the range of techniques and materials appropriate for literacy instruction
literacy in society: societal changes in literacy usage, and implications for teaching and learning both inside and outside the classroom
task difficulty: relation to student learning, independence, and development
** assessment of literacy: the value and properties of assessment methods and instruments
prevention and solution of literacy difficulties: management of the classroom context to prevent difficulties in the acquisition of literacy as well as to solve learning difficulties when they occur
organization of instruction: organization, regulation, and reform of literacy instruction

NYSED standards and core curriculum: knowledge of English Language Arts, Social Studies, Mathematics, Science and Technology
self-extended learning: how to engage critically with professional text and research to extend learning, including success with their own professional reading and writing

 

Themes/Content

Assignments

(Note: these are suggested assignments--actual assignments in this course will be listed in the current course outline)

Readings

(Note: these are suggested text--actual readings in this course will be listed in the current course outline)

 

 

Relations Between Language and Cognition in Children

Language and Literacy in the Preschool Years

Children’s Emergent Reading Practices

Children’s Emergent Emergent Writing Practices

Metacognition and Early Literacy Development

The Transition to Conventional Literacy

Emotion, Attachment, Subjectivity, and Early Literacy

Linking Schools, Families, and Communities to Promote Literacy Development

Assessing Early Literacy Development

Working with Children with Various Challenges to Early Literacy Development

Emergent Literacy Practicum (5 hours, Required)
Students will conduct and write up a case study of a young child (4-7 years old) who is emerging into the world of print. For the case study report, students will conduct and analyze (a) a set of informal observations of the child engaged in literacy activities at home and/or at school, (b) an emergent reading elicitation; (c) an emergent story telling and writing elicitation; (d) a phonological awareness/early spelling task; and (e) two other informal assessments chosen on the basis of a developing understanding of the child's interests, strengths, weaknesses, etc. Students will be provided with instructions for conducting and analyzing the first four activities/tasks. Students will provide relevant background information, documentation, and justification for the tasks they select.

Theory/Research into Practice Learning Activity/Workshop
Students will work with two or three other students to develop a learning activity that is constitutively related to one of the main themes of the class (e.g., emergent reading, emergent writing, home-school connections, informal assessment, etc.). This learning activity should deal specifically with translating theory and research into practice. It should be targeted for a group of students of a particular age (or multi-age grouping). The activity should be rich and substantive (e.g., not a collection of related worksheets). It should be imagined as contextualized within a larger thematic unit. The activity should link various aspects of literacy (e.g., reading, writing, speaking, listening, conducting research, etc.). Finally, it should be designed to cover a significant amount of classroom time (one large time block or a sequenced set of smaller time blocks).

Once students have developed their learning activity, they will write it up as a curriculum unit that other teachers could readily use. The write-up of the activity will be distributed to all students in the class, and students will conduct a 20-30 minute workshop with the class during which they will explain the underlying logic, the learning goals, the materials, the procedures, etc. of the activity.

Analytic Essay

Students will write one 5-7 page analytic essay. This essay will constitute an expansion/elaboration of the class presentation, with particular emphasis devoted to the pedagogical implications of the readings and ideas about ways in which theory/research can be translated into practice.The essay should include (a) a succinct discussion of the basic themes or arguments that cut across the readings and (b) a substantive attempt to generate ideas for how these themes and arguments could be translated into classroom practices, experiences, and activities.

 

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Clay, M. M. (1998). By different paths to common outcomes. York, ME: Stenhouse.

Piaget, J. (1959). The functions of language in two children of six. In The language and thought of the child (pp. 25-68). New York: Meridian.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1986). Piaget's theory of thought and language. In Thought and language (pp. 12-57). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

Bruner, J. (1986). The inspiration of Vygotsky. In Actual minds, possible worlds (pp. 70-78). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Ferreiro, E. (1994). The interplay between information and assimilation in beginning literacy. In W. H. Teale E. & Sulzby (Eds.), Emergent literacy: Writing and reading (pp 15-49). Norwood: Ablex.

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Rowe, D. W. (1994). Strategic learning: The role of metacognition in early literacy learning. In Preschoolers as authors: Literacy learning in the social world of the classroom (pp 137-154). Creskill, NJ: Hampton Press.

Galda, L., Cullinan, B. E., & Strickland, D. S. (1997). The development of oral language. In Language, literacy, and the child, 2nd Ed. (pp 23-53). Fort Worth TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). The role of play in development. In Mind in society: The development of higher psychological functions (pp. 92-104). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Owocki, G. (1999). Play and developmentally appropriate practices; A glimpse into two early childhood classrooms. In Literacy through play. (pp. 1-39). Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

Roskos, K., & Christie, J. (2001). Examining the play-literacy interface: A critical review and future directions. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 1, 59-89.

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Bissex, G. L. (1980). Paul: Working on reading; Other young readers; Paul: Enjoying reading. In Gnys at wrk: A child learns to write and read (pp. 119-147). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Kamberelis, G., & Perry, M. (1994). A microgenetic study of cognitive reorganization during the transition to conventional literacy. In D. F. Lancy (Ed.), Children's emergent literacy: From research to practice (pp. 93-123). Westport, CN: Praeger.

Sipe, L. R. (1998). Transitions to the conventional: An examination of a first grader's composing process. Journal of Literacy Research, 30, 357-388.

Sulzby, E. (1985). Children's emergent readings of favorite storybooks: A developmental study. Reading Research Quarterly, 20, 458-481.


Mason, J. M., Peterman, C. L., Powell, B. M., & Kerr, B. (1989). Reading and writing attempts by kindergartners after book reading by teachers. In J. M. Mason (Ed.), Reading and writing connections (pp. 105-120). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Hiebert, E. F., & Raphael, T. E. (1998). The texts of early literacy classrooms: Texts children write. In Early literacy instruction (pp. 130-149). New York: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

McLane, J. B., & McNamee, G. D. (1990). Writing. In Early literacy (pp. 23-58). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Dyson, A. H. (1989). Introduction: Becoming a writer in school. In Multiple worlds of child writers: Friends learning to write. (pp. 1-25). New York: Teacher's College Press.

Sulzby, E., Teale, W. H., & Kamberelis, G. (1989). Emergent writing in the classroom: Home and school connections. In D. S. Strickland & L. Morrow (Eds.), Emerging literacy: Young children learn to read and write (pp 63-95). Newark, NJ: International Reading Association.

Sulzby, E., Barnhart, J., & Hieshima, J. (1989). Forms of writing and re-reading from writing: A preliminary report. In J. M. Mason (Ed.), Reading and writing connections (pp. 31-63). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Richgels, D. J. (1986). Beginning first graders' "invented spelling" ability and their performance in functional classroom activities. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 1, 85-97.

Meier, D. (2000). Parents and families--New voices in literacy education. In Scribble scrabble: Learning to read and write (pp. 116-134). New York: Teacher's College Press.

Lyons, C. A., Pinnell, G. S., & Deford, D. E. (1993). Reading Recovery: Weaving learning and teaching together. In Partners in learning: Teachers and children in Reading Recovery (pp. 1-19). New York: Teacher's College Press.

Salinger, T. (1998). How do we assess young children's literacy learning? In S. B. Neuman & K. A. Roskos (Eds.), Children achieving: Best practices in early literacy (pp. 223-249). Newark, DE: International Reading Association.

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