Chapter 15: SCHIZOPHRENIA, THE AFFECTIVE DISORDERS, AND THE ANXIETY DISORDERS

Chapter 15 provides coverage of disorders of thought (schizophrenia), disorders of mood and feelings (affective disorder), and anxiety disorders. The positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia are outlined in the opening section and are related to either neurological disorder or to malfunctioning dopamine systems in brain. Affective disorders include bipolar disorder (mania and depression) and unipolar disorder. The role of genetics in depression is discussed as are four effective therapies for depression (MAO inhibitors, serotonin reuptake blockers, ECT, and REM sleep deprivation). The next section of the chapter describes seasonal affective disorder and its treatment using phototherapy. The anxiety disorders are compromised of panic disorder, and intense episodic anxiety experience, and a disorder marked by recurrent thoughts (obsessions) and actions (compulsions).

After completing the chapter, each student should be able to:

• Describe the symptoms of schizophrenia and discuss evidence that indicates that some forms of schizophrenia are heritable.
• Discuss drugs that alleviate or produce the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
• Discuss research on the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia.
• Describe evidence that schizophrenia may result from brain damage or abnormal brain development.
• Describe the two major affective disorders and their treatments.
• Summarize the monoamine hypothesis of depression.
• Explain the role of circadian rhythms in affective disorder.
• Describe the impact of REM sleep deprivation on affective disorder.
• Describe the symptoms and possible causes of panic disorder.
• Describe the symptoms and possible causes of panic disorder.
• Describe the symptoms and possible causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder.